Search results for "chemistry [Cell Adhesion Molecules]"

showing 10 items of 2757 documents

The Coordination of Uranyl in Water: A Combined Quantum Chemical and Molecular Simulation Study

2005

The coordination environment of uranyl in water has been studied using a combined quantum mechanical and molecular dynamics approach. Multiconfigurational wave function calculations have been performed to generate pair potentials between uranyl and water. The quantum chemically determined energies have been used to fit parameters in a polarizable force field with an added charge transfer term. Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed for the uranyl ion and up to 400 water molecules. The results show a uranyl ion with five water molecules coordinated in the equatorial plane. The U-O(H(2)O) distance is 2.40 A, which is close to the experimental estimates. A second coordination shell…

Ab initioMolecular simulationBiochemistryCatalysisIonMolecular dynamicschemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsComputational chemistryComputer SimulationPhysics::Chemical PhysicsQuantum chemicalHydrogen bondSolvationWaterGeneral ChemistryGeneral MedicineUranylSolvation shellchemistryModels ChemicalChemical physicsddc:540Quantum TheoryUranium
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Crystal structure of sinhalite MgAlBO4 under high pressure

2015

We report on high-pressure angle-dispersive X-ray diffraction data up to 27 GPa for natural MgAlBO4 sinhalite mineral and ab initio total energy calculations. The experimental bulk modulus of sinhalite is B-0 = 171(3) GPa with a first-pressure derivative of B-0' = 4.2(3). A comparison with other olivine-type compounds shows that the value for B0 is 27% larger than that of Mg2SiO4 forsterite and 29% smaller than that of Al2BeO4 chrysoberyl. These differences are interpreted, on the basis of our ab initio calculations, in terms of the relative incompressibility of Al-O bonds in AlO6 octahedra (with a calculated bulk modulus of 250(1) GPa) as compared to Mg-O bonds in MgO6 octahedra (with a ca…

Ab initioSpinelSingle-crystalengineering.materialAb initio quantum chemistry methodsCationsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBulk modulusChrysoberylOlivineCompressionOxidesForsteriteGPASurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystallographyChemistryGeneral EnergyPowder diffractionAugmented-wave methodFISICA APLICADAengineeringOrthorhombic crystal systemSingle crystalPowder diffraction
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Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of soils and grasses as indicators of soil characteristics and biological taxa

2019

Abstract The use of stable isotope techniques can assist in understanding interactions of plants with various abiotic and biotic processes. In the research, we focused on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) isotopes because they are the most important resources influencing plant function and the biogeochemical cycles. The 13C/12C and 15N/14N ratios in plants and in soils and the relationships between these ratios and biological and environmental factors of widely distributed native C3 plants (couch grass, plantain and yarrow) collected from two sites in St. Petersburg, Russia were studied. The soil characteristics of the sites were rather different. This had a significant effect on the isotope rati…

Abiotic componentBiogeochemical cycleIsotopeSoil textureStable isotope ratiochemistry.chemical_element010501 environmental sciences010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesPollutionNitrogenAgronomychemistryGeochemistry and PetrologySoil waterEnvironmental ChemistryEnvironmental scienceCarbon0105 earth and related environmental sciencesApplied Geochemistry
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Sr-isotope analysis of speleothems by LA-MC-ICP-MS: High temporal resolution and fast data acquisition

2017

Speleothems are well established climate archives. A wide array of geochemical proxies, including stable isotopes and trace elements are present within speleothems to reconstruct past climate variability. However, each proxy is influenced by multiple factors, often hampering robust interpretation. Sr isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) can provide useful information about water residence time and water mixing in the host rock, as they are not fractionated during calcite precipitation. Laser ablation multi-collector-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS) has rarely been used for determination of Sr isotope signatures in speleothems, as speleothems often do not possess appropriate…

Ablation TechniquesSpeleothemMineralogyF700F800F600010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesF900chemistry.chemical_compoundGeochemistry and Petrology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesIsotope analysisCalcitegeographygeography.geographical_feature_categoryLaser ablationIsotopeStable isotope ratio010401 analytical chemistryGeology0104 chemical scienceschemistry13. Climate actionCarbonateGeology
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Impact of hydroxy and octyloxy substituents of phenothiazine based dyes on the photovoltaic performance

2013

Two novel organic dyes containing hydroxy and octyloxy substituents onto a phenothiazine skeleton were synthesized and their effects on the photovoltaic performance were studied. Hydroxy acts as an ancillary anchoring unit along with the carboxylic group, while the phenothiazine modified moiety acts as an electron donor. The photophysical and electrochemical studies revealed that maximum absorbance of the dye with the hydroxy group in the solution was blue shifted and its band gap increased, indicating that donor acceptor strength was reduced as compared to the octyloxy substituted dye. Furthermore, electron lifetime of the organic dye with the hydroxy moiety was shorter due to smaller resi…

Absorbancechemistry.chemical_compoundDye-sensitized solar cellchemistryBand gapProcess Chemistry and TechnologyGeneral Chemical EngineeringPhenothiazineEnergy conversion efficiencyMoietyElectron donorPhotochemistryElectrochemistryDyes and Pigments
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Synthesis and photovoltaic performance of dihydrodibenzoazepine-based sensitizers with additional lateral anchor

2013

Three novel metal-free organic dyes with dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine as a donor and cyanoacrylic acid as an anchoring unit were designed as an innovative linear skeleton of D-D-pi-A type of organic dyes. The conversion efficiency of the derived dye-sensitized solar cells is moderate. Among them, the dye with a hydroxy group as an additional anchoring moiety exhibited the highest UV-Vis absorption with a maximum molar extinction coefficient of 24,136 M-1 cm(-1) at lambda(max) = 458 nm and the best photovoltaic performance with an overall power conversion efficiency of 4.88%, while the dye with a carboxy group as an additional anchoring moiety exhibited the lowest conversion efficiency (4.…

Absorption (pharmacology)Materials scienceProcess Chemistry and TechnologyGeneral Chemical EngineeringPhotovoltaic systemEnergy conversion efficiencyAnchoringMolar absorptivityPhotochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDye-sensitized solar cellchemistryMoietyAzepineDyes and Pigments
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Theoretical Study of the Electronic Excited States of Tetracyanoethylene and Its Radical Anion

2005

The low-lying electronic states of tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) and its radical anion were studied using multiconfigurational second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) and extended atomic natural orbital (ANO) basis sets. The results obtained yield a full interpretation of the electronic absorption spectra, explain the spectral changes undergone upon reduction, give support to the occurrence of a bound excited state for the anionic species, and provide valuable information for the rationalization of the experimental data obtained with electron transmission spectroscopy.

Absorption spectroscopyElectronic structureTetracyanoethyleneMolecular physicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsBond lengthchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsComputational chemistryExcited stateElectron affinityPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyChemPhysChem
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Probing NiO nanocrystals by EXAFS spectroscopy

2010

Abstract The structure relaxation in nanocrystalline NiO (nano-NiO, 13 nm crystallite size) has been studied by X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Ni K-edge at 300 K. Conventional single-scattering analysis of the EXAFS signals from the first two coordination shells showed a lattice volume expansion by about 1% and a contraction of the Ni–O bonds by about 0.5% in nano-NiO compared to microcrystalline NiO. A more sophisticated approach, based on a combination of classical molecular dynamics and ab initio multiple-scattering EXAFS theory, allowed us to interpret both static relaxation and lattice dynamics in nano-NiO.

Absorption spectroscopyExtended X-ray absorption fine structureChemistryNon-blocking I/OAb initio02 engineering and technologyGeneral ChemistryCrystal structure021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciencesNanocrystalline materialCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceAb initio quantum chemistry methodsComputational chemistry0103 physical sciencesMaterials ChemistryPhysical chemistryCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsCrystallite010306 general physics0210 nano-technologySolid State Communications
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On the Low-Lying Excited States ofsym-Triazine-Based Herbicides

2005

We report a joint computational and luminescence study on the low-lying excited states of sym-triazines, namely, 1,3,5-triazine (1) and the ubiquitous herbicides atrazine [6-chloro-N2-ethyl-N4-isopropyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine (2)] and ametryn [6-methylthio-N2-ethyl-N4-isopropyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine (3)]. Geometrical structures, energetics, and transition and state properties of I and 2 were computed at the TD-DFT, CASSCF, and CASPT2 levels of theory. The fluorescence and phosphorescence emission spectra, lifetimes, and fluorescence quantum yields were measured for the three compounds, and from these, the energies of the lowest excited states and their corresponding radiative rates…

Absorption spectroscopyQuantum yieldPhotochemistryMolecular physicsAbsorptionAb initio quantum chemistry methodsOscillometryPressureRadiative transferEmission spectrumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular StructureChemistry PhysicalHerbicidesTriazinesChemistryTemperatureHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationModels TheoreticalAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSpectrometry FluorescenceModels ChemicalSpectrophotometryExcited stateAtrazineIndicators and ReagentsPhosphorescenceLuminescenceSoftwareChemPhysChem
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Geochemical signature of Paleozoic accretionary complexes of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt in South Mongolia: Constraints on arc environments and c…

2006

Abstract We report a reconnaissance geochemical and Nd-isotopic study for 33 metaigneous and metavolcaniclastic rocks from the ca. 470 to 290 Ma old Gurvan Sayhan, Zoolen, Nemegt Uul, Bayanleg-Hatuu, and Tseel mountain ranges in southern Mongolia, in order to infer tectonic environments, test a recently proposed multiple terrane model, and explore the late-stage development of the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). Samples from the Gurvan Sayhan and the Zoolen ranges have a predominantly intermediate, calc-alkaline composition; they display LREE enrichment, excess abundances of fluid-soluble elements, and low concentrations of high-field strength elements. These data, in combinati…

Accretionary wedgebiologyPaleozoicAndesitesGeochemistry550 - Earth sciencesGeologybiology.organism_classificationTectonicsGeochemistry and PetrologyAdakiteIsland arcForearcGeologyTerrane
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